R1b-V88 was initially identified in Serbian hunter-gatherers around 10,000 years ago, followed by its detection in ancient Sardinian populations approximately 7,000 years ago…This suggests that the V88 branch first appeared in eastern Europe, mixed into Early European farmers (EEF) and then spread with EEF to the western Mediterranean…R1b-V88 traces back to Eastern European Mesolithic hunter gatherers and later spread with the Neolithic expansion into Iberia and Sardinia…Eurasian backflow brought the Y chromosome lineage R1b-V88 [and T] into Africa…The Eurasian backflow into Africa came from a population closely related to Early Neolithic farmers who had colonized Europe 4,000 years earlier…The backflow came from the same genetic source that fueled the Neolithic expansion into Europe from the Near East…If the backflow into Africa came from the same genetic source that fueled the Neolithic expansion into Europe from the Near East—then modern Sahelian populations with R1b-V88 could have a genetic legacy that traces back to early Neolithic farmers…In simpler terms, people with darker skin, often referred to as so called “blacks,” lived in Eurasia for thousands of years and played a significant role in developing Neolithic cultures across Europe before some groups eventually migrated back into Africa…

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